Regime Types in Comparative Politics
The Democracy–Authoritarianism Spectrum:
Political systems exist on a continuum. The six AP Comparative Government countries represent different positions:
| Country | Regime Type | Key Features |
| United Kingdom | Parliamentary Democracy | Constitutional monarchy, PM chosen by Parliament, no written constitution |
| Mexico | Presidential Democracy | Federal republic, multi-party (though PRI dominated for 71 years) |
| Nigeria | Federal Presidential Republic | Transitioning democracy, ethnic/religious cleavages, military history |
| Russia | Hybrid/Competitive Authoritarian | Elections held but opposition constrained, media controlled |
| China | Single-Party Authoritarian | CCP monopoly on power, no competitive elections at national level |
| Iran | Theocratic Republic | Elected president AND unelected Supreme Leader; Guardian Council vets candidates |
Key Concepts:
Cleavages:
Social divisions that create political conflict: