AP Physics 1
Algebra-Based

Multiple Choice — Single Select

Score 5 Tip: Many MC questions can be solved by reasoning about proportions and relationships — you often don't need to crunch numbers. Ask: 'If X doubles, what happens to Y?' and use the equation to reason it out.

Multiple Choice — Multi-select

Score 5 Tip: For multi-select, eliminate obviously wrong answers first. Then test each remaining answer independently. Only mark two — if you're unsure of the second, it's better to reason carefully than guess.

Experimental Design FRQ

Score 5 Tip: Always state what you are measuring and how. Identify your independent variable (what you change), dependent variable (what you measure), and what you control. Describe the procedure in enough detail that another student could replicate it.

Qualitative/Quantitative Translation FRQ

Score 5 Tip: This FRQ rewards students who can bridge words and math. Write one sentence explaining what each equation represents in the context of the problem. Don't just list formulas — connect them to the physical situation.

Score 5 Roadmap

Your point targets for the May 2026 exam

Draw free body diagrams for EVERY forces problem — even when not asked. The diagram prevents sign errors and earns points on FRQs.

Energy bar charts are a secret weapon. Draw them for any energy conservation problem — they make energy transfers visual and prevent mistakes.

On the AP Physics 1 exam, conceptual reasoning earns just as many points as math. Practice explaining WHY equations apply, not just solving them.

Proportional reasoning is tested heavily. Know how T ∝ √m, P ∝ ρgh, F = ma — so you can answer 'what happens if mass doubles?' without a calculator.

For Experimental Design FRQs, memorize this checklist: hypothesis, IV, DV, 3+ controlled variables, measurement instruments, procedure steps, predicted graph with labeled axes.

AP Physics 1 has the lowest percentage of 5s of any AP science — about 7%. The exam rewards deep conceptual understanding, not just formula memorization. Study the WHY behind every equation.

Experimental Design FRQ

FRQ 1 · 12 Points · 90 min (shared)

Design a complete experiment to investigate a physics relationship. Typically involves motion, force, energy, or another measurable physical quantity. Requires: hypothesis, variables, procedure, predicted data, graph, and error analysis.

Qualitative/Quantitative Translation FRQ

FRQ 2 · 12 Points · 90 min (shared)

Describe a physics scenario in both words and mathematical equations. You must explain what is physically happening AND write the correct equations, then justify why each equation applies to the situation described.

Short Answer FRQ — Problem Solving

FRQ 3 · 7 Points · 90 min (shared)

Solve a multi-part physics problem with full justification. May include calculations, graphs, diagrams, and explanations. Each part is worth 1-3 points. Show all work — partial credit is awarded for correct reasoning even with arithmetic errors.

Short Answer FRQ — Conceptual Reasoning

FRQ 4 · 7 Points · 90 min (shared)

Explain physics concepts, predict outcomes of changes, or compare physical situations. Answers are typically 2-4 sentences per part. Graders award points for specific physics vocabulary and correct causal reasoning.